Frequently asked questions
Answers on contract manufacturing, materials and commodity trading
Here we answer the most frequent questions about contract manufacturing at MWA – Mechanische Werkstätten Anhalt in Halberstadt, Germany: from your inquiry with drawing to manufacturing processes, materials, tolerances and inspection documents, commodity trading, large components and our international manufacturing network. Your question is not listed? Call us at +49 3941 6209 407 or send your inquiry via the contact form.
Inquiry and quotation
How quickly will I receive a quote for CNC parts?
MWA will get back to you within 24 hours on business days. If the drawing, material, quantity and requested delivery date are all provided, this is usually a quote straight away. For complex components or unclear information, we first clarify open points by phone or email so that the calculation is reliable and no change orders arise later.
What information do you need for a quote?
For a reliable quote, we need a drawing or 3D model, the material, the quantity and your requested delivery date. Information on surface finishes, heat treatment, coating, required inspection documents and the delivery method is also helpful. If you have recurring demand, please also state the expected annual quantity. If any information is missing, we ask specifically rather than calculating on assumptions.
Is the quote free of charge and non-binding?
Yes, quotes and feasibility checks from MWA are free of charge and non-binding. Sending an inquiry places you under no obligation. An order is only established by your purchase order and our order confirmation. This gives you time to align price and delivery date internally or to compare with other quotes.
Can I send an inquiry without a technical drawing?
Yes, you can also send an inquiry without a finished drawing. Briefly describe the part or send a photo with the most important dimensions via the inquiry form or by email to ed.retnus-awm@ofni. We will get back to you and clarify which information is still missing for calculation and manufacturing. For manufacturing itself, we need an unambiguous dimensional basis, which we define together with you.
How can I send an inquiry to MWA?
You can send an inquiry by phone, by email or via the inquiry form on our Contact page. For drawings and 3D models, the form is the most practical option because you can attach up to 5 files of 10 MB each directly. For quick questions, you can reach us by phone at +49 3941 6209 407 or by email at ed.retnus-awm@ofni.
Do you check whether my component can be manufactured at all?
Yes, before every quote we check feasibility based on your drawing or 3D model. We look at dimensions, material, tolerances, surface finishes and clamping options. If a feature cannot be produced as specified, or only with disproportionate effort, we contact you and suggest possible alternatives. The feasibility check is free of charge.
How does an inquiry with MWA work?
An inquiry follows four steps: you send the drawing and key data, we check feasibility, you receive a quote and, after you place your order, an order confirmation with the delivery date. The first response comes within 24 hours on business days. We clarify open questions about tolerances, material or inspection documents before the order is placed, not during manufacturing.
Do you give advice on design for manufacturability?
Yes, if during the feasibility check we notice features that make manufacturing unnecessarily expensive, we point them out to you. Typical examples are very tight tolerances on surfaces whose function does not require them, internal radii that are too small in deep pockets, or special threads. The decision on any changes always rests with you as the designer; we manufacture according to the released drawing.
Drawings and files
Which file formats can I upload?
You can upload PDF, STEP (.stp, .step), IGES (.igs, .iges), DXF, DWG, ZIP archives and photos. For milled and turned parts, the ideal combination is a PDF drawing with tolerances plus a STEP model: the drawing defines the requirements, and the model speeds up calculation and programming. Multiple files or complete assemblies are best packed into a ZIP archive.
Can I send STEP files?
Yes, STEP files (.stp or .step) are our preferred 3D format. STEP is a neutral exchange format according to ISO 10303 and can be exported from all common CAD systems. Please also send a PDF drawing, because tolerances, fits, surface specifications and material are usually not contained in the STEP model, or not in a binding form.
Is a 3D model without a drawing sufficient for manufacturing?
A 3D model is often sufficient for a quote, but for manufacturing we need clear specifications for tolerances and surface finishes. A model only describes the nominal geometry. Without a drawing, it must be defined which general tolerances apply, where fits are located and which surfaces have special requirements. In this case, we agree on these points with you in writing.
How large can the uploaded files be?
Via the inquiry form, you can upload up to 5 files with a maximum of 10 MB each. This is sufficient for drawings and 3D models of most components. For larger amounts of data, such as extensive assemblies, pack the files into a ZIP archive, send us a download link by email or give us a quick call.
What is the difference between STEP and IGES?
STEP transfers solid bodies completely and reliably, while IGES is an older format that mainly describes surfaces. When importing IGES files, open or faulty surfaces that need to be repaired therefore occur more frequently. You can upload both formats to MWA. If your CAD system offers both, choose STEP, for example AP214 or AP242.
What is the difference between DXF and DWG?
DWG is the native file format of AutoCAD, and DXF is an open exchange format for 2D drawings. Both usually contain 2D contours and dimensions and are well suited for flat parts and contours. For three-dimensional components, please add a 3D model in STEP format or a PDF drawing with all views and sections.
Can I send a photo or a hand sketch?
Yes, a photo or a dimensioned hand sketch is sufficient for an initial assessment. If possible, place a scale or folding rule in the picture and note the important dimensions, the material and the quantity. For manufacturing, we need an unambiguous dimensional basis. We clarify with you which information is still missing once we have received your inquiry.
What information belongs on a manufacturing drawing?
A manufacturing drawing contains all dimensions with tolerances, the material, the general tolerance, surface specifications and the revision level. Depending on the component, this is supplemented by fits according to ISO 286, geometric tolerances, and specifications for edge condition, heat treatment and coating. The more complete the drawing, the more accurate the quote and the fewer queries arise.
Can I request a quote for several parts or a complete assembly at once?
Yes, you can send several parts in one inquiry. It is best to pack the drawings and models into a ZIP archive and include a parts list with part numbers, quantities and materials. We calculate each item individually and combine them into one quote. Standard parts such as screws are generally not part of the scope of a machining inquiry.
Manufacturing and processes
Which manufacturing processes does MWA offer?
MWA manufactures to drawing using six main processes: milling, turning, drilling, grinding, 5-axis machining, and large-part and casting machining. These include vertical turning of large diameters, horizontal boring mill machining and surface grinding. We manufacture everything from small parts to large parts; our focus is on medium-sized to large components of approximately 1,000 to 3,000 mm. Anything that does not fit into our own production we realize through our international manufacturing network, with MWA as your point of contact. We organize heat treatment and coating through partners.
What is CNC contract manufacturing?
CNC contract manufacturing means that an external company produces components according to your drawing on CNC-controlled machine tools. You provide the design and the requirements, and the contract manufacturer takes care of programming, machining and inspection. The material is either procured by the contract manufacturer or supplied by you. MWA has been working as a contract manufacturer for turned, milled and ground parts in Halberstadt since 1985.
What is the difference between contract manufacturing (Lohnfertigung) and make-to-order production (Auftragsfertigung)?
Contract manufacturing is machining according to a customer's specifications, while make-to-order production is the counterpart to make-to-stock production and means that production only starts once a customer order has been received. In the narrower sense, in contract manufacturing the material is supplied by the customer and only the machining is invoiced. In everyday usage, the two terms are often used interchangeably. At MWA, both are possible: with our own material or with customer-supplied material.
What is the difference between CNC milling and CNC turning?
In turning, the workpiece rotates and the tool is stationary; in milling, the tool rotates and the workpiece is clamped. Turning is therefore suited to rotationally symmetrical parts such as shafts, flanges, bushings and rings. Milling is suited to prismatic parts with faces, pockets, slots and hole patterns. Many components require both, for example a turned shaft with a milled keyway.
When is 5-axis machining worthwhile instead of 3-axis milling?
5-axis machining is worthwhile when a component must be machined from several sides or at angles. Instead of re-clamping the part several times, it is largely completed in a single setup. This shortens lead time and improves the positional accuracy of the features relative to each other. Typical examples are angled holes, undercuts and freeform surfaces. For 5-axis parts, we need a 3D model, preferably in STEP format.
What is surface grinding and when is it needed?
Surface grinding is a process for machining flat surfaces with very high dimensional accuracy, flatness and parallelism. It is used when milling cannot economically achieve the required flatness, parallelism or surface quality, and for hardened parts that can hardly be milled anymore. Typical components are plates, bars, guides and fixture parts. MWA offers surface grinding as a stand-alone service and as part of complete machining.
Do you manufacture parts completely, i.e. turning, milling and grinding from a single source?
Yes, we combine turning, milling, drilling and grinding in-house. We manage heat treatment and coating through partners. For you, this means one point of contact, one quote and one delivery for the ready-to-install part. Coordination between the operations, for example the grinding allowance before hardening, is our responsibility.
Can you also have the parts hardened or heat-treated?
Yes, we organize heat treatments such as quenching and tempering, case hardening, induction hardening, nitriding or stress-relief annealing through partner companies. Please specify the process and the required hardness on the drawing, for example in HRC or HV, and, if applicable, the hardening depth. We plan the machining sequence so that enough material remains for final machining after heat treatment.
Do you offer coatings such as zinc plating, anodizing or black oxide?
Yes, we commission coatings and surface treatments from partner companies so that you receive the finished part from us. Common examples include zinc electroplating, anodizing of aluminum, black oxide, electroless nickel or powder coating. State the required process, coating thickness and color in your inquiry. For fits, please note that the coating changes the dimension.
Do you machine castings, forgings and welded assemblies?
Yes, we machine blanks such as castings and forgings as well as welded assemblies to finished dimensions. Typical features are bearing seats, mounting faces, dowel holes and sealing faces. For welded assemblies, stress-relief annealing before machining is recommended so that the component does not distort afterwards. You can supply the blanks, or we clarify procurement with you. We realize very large castings and forgings through our international manufacturing network, with MWA as your point of contact.
Materials
Which materials does MWA machine?
MWA machines structural steel, quenched and tempered steel and case-hardening steel, grey cast iron, ductile (nodular) cast iron, cast steel, stainless steel, aluminum, bronze, brass and titanium. Typical grades are S355J2 (1.0577), 42CrMo4 (1.7225), 16MnCr5 (1.7131), EN-GJS-400-15 (EN-JS1030), 1.4404, duplex 1.4462, EN AW-6082 and Ti6Al4V (3.7165). For other materials, please ask us directly; we check machinability on a case-by-case basis. If possible, specify the material with its material number or standard designation.
Do you procure the material or do I have to supply it?
Both are possible: we procure the material ourselves or machine material supplied by you. If we procure it, the material is included in the quote, with a material certificate according to EN 10204 on request. Supplying material yourself makes sense if you want to use special materials, blanks such as castings or forgings, or existing stock. Please state in your inquiry which option you prefer.
What is the difference between 1.4301 and 1.4404?
1.4404 additionally contains molybdenum and is therefore more resistant to chloride-containing media than 1.4301. 1.4301 (X5CrNi18-10, AISI 304, colloquially known in German as V2A) is the most widely used austenitic stainless steel for general applications. 1.4404 (X2CrNiMo17-12-2, AISI 316L, often called V4A) is used with salt water, chemicals or in food processing technology. Both are tough and tend to work-harden during machining.
Which stainless steel is easiest to machine?
Among the austenitic stainless steels, 1.4305 (X8CrNiS18-9, AISI 303) is considered particularly easy to machine. The added sulfur produces short chips but reduces corrosion resistance and weldability. For parts that will be welded or operate in an aggressive environment, 1.4301 or 1.4404 is usually the better choice. Which material is suitable therefore depends on the application, not only on machinability.
What is the difference between 1.4571 and 1.4404?
1.4571 (X6CrNiMoTi17-12-2) is stabilized with titanium, whereas 1.4404 (X2CrNiMo17-12-2) achieves its resistance to intergranular corrosion through a low carbon content. Both contain molybdenum and have similar resistance in chloride-containing environments. 1.4571 is traditionally widespread in Germany in apparatus and plant engineering, while 1.4404 is used more frequently internationally and is easier to polish. The titanium carbides in 1.4571 noticeably increase tool wear during machining.
What is duplex steel 1.4462?
1.4462 (X2CrNiMoN22-5-3) is a duplex stainless steel with a microstructure of roughly equal proportions of austenite and ferrite. It has significantly higher strength than 1.4404 and is particularly resistant to pitting and stress corrosion cracking, for example in seawater, offshore installations and chemical engineering. It is more demanding to machine than standard austenitic grades and requires rigid setups and adapted cutting parameters. MWA machines 1.4462 to drawing.
What does EN AW-6082 mean and which aluminum alloy is suitable for milled parts?
EN AW-6082 (AlSi1MgMn, formerly 3.2315) is a heat-treatable aluminum alloy with good strength, good machinability and good weldability. It is a solid standard choice for many milled parts in mechanical engineering, usually in temper T6 or T651. EN AW-7075 (AlZn5,5MgCu) is considerably stronger but hardly weldable. EN AW-5083 (AlMg4,5Mn0,7) is not heat-treatable and is particularly resistant to seawater. EN AW stands for wrought aluminum alloy according to the European standard.
What is Ti6Al4V and do you machine titanium?
Ti6Al4V is the most widely used titanium alloy, also known as Grade 5 or by material number 3.7165. It contains about 6 percent aluminum and 4 percent vanadium and combines high strength with low density and good corrosion resistance. Because of its low thermal conductivity, titanium is considered demanding to machine. MWA machines titanium; send us your drawing and requirements for a feasibility check.
What is the difference between S235 and S355?
The number indicates the minimum yield strength in N/mm²: S235 has 235 N/mm² and S355 has 355 N/mm² for product thicknesses up to 16 mm. S355 can therefore bear considerably higher loads and is preferred for load-bearing parts and machine frames. The code letters describe the impact energy: JR means 27 joules at +20 °C, J2 means 27 joules at −20 °C. Common grades are S235JR (1.0038) and S355J2 (1.0577), both readily weldable and machinable.
What is a quenched and tempered steel such as C45, 42CrMo4 or 34CrNiMo6?
Quenched and tempered steels are steels that obtain high strength combined with good toughness through hardening followed by tempering. C45 (1.0503) is unalloyed and is frequently used for shafts and pins. 42CrMo4 (1.7225) is alloyed and can be through-hardened and tempered even in larger cross-sections. 34CrNiMo6 (1.6582) additionally contains nickel and is suitable for highly stressed parts with large cross-sections. Steels supplied in the quenched and tempered condition are designated +QT.
What is a case-hardening steel such as 16MnCr5 or 18CrNiMo7-6?
Case-hardening steels are low-carbon steels whose surface layer becomes wear-resistant through carburizing and hardening, while the core remains tough. 16MnCr5 (1.7131) is a widely used standard grade for gears, pins and medium-sized shafts. 18CrNiMo7-6 (1.6587) is more highly alloyed, hardens to a greater depth and is used for highly loaded gearbox parts with larger cross-sections. Machining is usually done before case hardening; functional surfaces are often ground afterwards.
Do you machine brass and which brass is common?
Yes, MWA machines brass to drawing. For turned parts, CW614N (CuZn39Pb3) is widespread, a free-cutting brass that is very easy to machine thanks to its lead content. For applications with requirements on lead content, for example in drinking water systems, low-lead brass grades are available. Please state the exact material designation so that we can procure the right semi-finished product.
Which bronzes are common for plain bearings and bushings?
Tin bronzes and aluminum bronzes are common for plain bearings and bushings. CuSn12-C (CC483K) is a cast tin bronze for highly loaded plain bearings and worm wheels, and CuSn8 (CW453K) is a wrought alloy for bushings and sliding elements. CuAl10Ni5Fe4 (CW307G) is a multi-component aluminum bronze with high strength and good resistance to seawater and wear. MWA machines bronze as bar stock and as cast blanks; please state the exact material designation.
What do EN-GJL and EN-GJS mean for cast materials?
EN-GJL designates cast iron with lamellar graphite (grey cast iron), and EN-GJS designates cast iron with spheroidal graphite (ductile (nodular) cast iron). The number that follows is the minimum tensile strength in N/mm²; for GJS, it is followed by the elongation at break in percent. Common grades are EN-GJL-250 (EN-JL1040) and EN-GJS-400-15 (EN-JS1030). Grey cast iron dampens vibrations well and is typical for housings and machine beds, while ductile cast iron is tougher and can bear higher loads. MWA machines both cast materials, including as customer-supplied blanks.
What is cast steel and how is it designated?
Cast steel is steel cast in molds, combining the strength and weldability of steel with the design freedom of a casting. The short designations according to EN 10293 begin with G, for example GE240 (1.0446) as an unalloyed cast steel for general applications or G20Mn5 (1.6220) with good toughness and weldability. Cast steel is tougher than cast iron but dampens vibrations less than grey cast iron. Typical components are housings, bearing blocks, hubs and levers.
Commodity trading and cutting to size
Can I also just buy material from MWA?
Yes, through our Commodity trading you can also buy metals without a machining order. We supply steel, stainless steel, aluminum, titanium, non-ferrous metals and tool steel as bar, plate, sheet, tube or cut-to-size pieces. Our Commodity trading grew out of our own manufacturing, which is why we also advise on machinability and delivery condition. Tell us the material, dimensions, quantity and delivery address, and you will receive a quote.
Do you cut material to size?
Yes, on request we supply material cut to your dimensions, for example as cut lengths, discs, blocks or plates. This saves sawing time in your workshop and reduces offcuts in your warehouse. For cutting to size, we need the material, dimensions, quantity and the required dimensional tolerance. Which cutting process is used and which accuracy can be achieved depends on the material and cross-section and is agreed with you before the order is placed.
Which materials do you carry in your Commodity trading?
In our Commodity trading, we offer structural steel, quenched and tempered, case-hardening and free-cutting steel, stainless steels such as 1.4301, 1.4404 and 1.4571, wrought aluminum alloys such as EN AW-6082, titanium, bronze, brass and tool steel. Which grades and dimensions are available at short notice is clarified with your inquiry. If the grade has not yet been decided, describe the intended application to us, and we will suggest suitable materials with their advantages and disadvantages.
Can you procure cast blanks?
Yes, we procure cast blanks made of grey cast iron, ductile (nodular) cast iron, cast steel and bronze through our partner network. On request, we then take over the machining to finished dimensions, so that you receive the blank and machining from a single source. For the inquiry, we need a drawing or model of the blank, the material and quantity, as well as information on machining allowances and required inspections, insofar as these have already been determined.
Will I receive a material certificate for the material I purchase?
Yes, on request we supply material with a material certificate according to EN 10204, either as a test report 2.2 (Werkszeugnis) or as an inspection certificate 3.1. Please specify the certificate type when you send your inquiry so that we can procure suitable material. We mark the cut pieces so that the assignment to the batch, and thus traceability back to the certificate, is maintained.
Do you also buy surplus material and excess stock?
Yes, we also buy metals, such as excess stock, remnant lengths or warehouse stock that is no longer needed. The prerequisite is that the material and dimensions can be verified, ideally via a certificate or clear marking. Send us a list with the grade, dimensions, quantity and location of the material, and we will review the purchase and make you an offer.
Can you stock material for recurring demand?
Yes, by arrangement we stock material for recurring demand and deliver it in partial quantities on call-off. This makes sense if you regularly process the same grades and dimensions and do not want to maintain your own inventory for them. We agree on quantities, call-off intervals and marking individually with you. We organize packaging and transport to suit the weight and dimensions of the goods.
Can I order material and machining together?
Yes, for contract manufacturing orders the material is generally part of our quote. We procure the right grade, inspect it at goods receipt and deliver the finished component to you instead of two separate deliveries from a stockist and a manufacturer. Both routes can also be combined: you obtain raw material for your own production and outsource individual complex components to us.
Tolerances and surface finishes
What tolerances are possible in CNC turning?
The tolerance achievable in CNC turning depends on the diameter, length, material and wall thickness of the component. Fits in the IT7 range are generally common in turning; tighter tolerances often require additional grinding. Slender shafts or thin-walled rings deform more easily when clamped. We state which tolerances we can reliably maintain for your part in our quote after reviewing the drawing.
What tolerances are possible in CNC milling?
The tolerance achievable in CNC milling depends on component size, material, clamping situation and the distance between features. Fitted holes with H7 are generally common in milling. More difficult are tight positional tolerances over large distances or on thin-walled parts that distort when unclamped. We state which tolerances we commit to for your component in our quote after reviewing the drawing.
What does ISO 2768-m mean on a drawing?
ISO 2768-m means that the general tolerances of class “medium” apply to all dimensions without an individual tolerance specification. The standard ISO 2768-1 has four classes: f (fine), m (medium), c (coarse) and v (very coarse). In class m, the permissible deviation is, for example, ±0.2 mm for nominal sizes over 6 up to 30 mm and ±0.3 mm over 30 up to 120 mm. For functional dimensions, you should enter individual tolerances.
What does ISO 2768-mK mean?
ISO 2768-mK combines two general tolerances: “m” for linear and angular dimensions according to ISO 2768-1 and “K” for form and position according to ISO 2768-2. With classes H, K and L, Part 2 covers, for example, straightness, flatness, perpendicularity, symmetry and runout, provided these are not toleranced individually. H is the finest class and L the coarsest. The specification is usually found in the title block of the drawing.
What does H7 mean on a drawing?
H7 is a tolerance class for holes according to ISO 286: the H means that the minimum size equals the nominal size, and the 7 stands for tolerance grade IT7. A hole Ø 20 H7 may therefore measure between 20.000 and 20.021 mm. H7 is the most common hole tolerance in mechanical engineering and is combined with shafts such as g6, h6, k6 or p6, depending on whether clearance or interference is required.
What is the difference between a clearance fit, a transition fit and an interference fit?
In a clearance fit, the shaft is always smaller than the hole; in an interference fit, it is always larger; and in a transition fit, either can occur. In the hole-basis system according to ISO 286, for example, H7/g6 is a clearance fit for sliding parts, H7/k6 is a transition fit for bearings and hubs, and H7/p6 is an interference fit for fixed connections. The choice depends on function, assembly and disassembly.
What does Ra 3.2 mean on a drawing?
Ra 3.2 means that the arithmetical mean roughness of the surface may be at most 3.2 micrometers. This is a common specification for cleanly milled or turned surfaces without a special function. Ra 1.6 stands for finish-machined surfaces, while Ra 0.8 and below usually require fine turning or grinding. The drawing specification used to be governed by ISO 1302, which has since been replaced by ISO 21920-1.
What is the difference between Ra and Rz?
Ra is the arithmetical mean of all profile deviations, while Rz is the mean height of the largest profile peaks and valleys from several individual sampling lengths. Rz therefore reacts more strongly to individual scratches or chipping than Ra. There is no fixed conversion; in practice, Rz is roughly four to ten times Ra. For sealing surfaces and sliding surfaces, Rz is often specified in addition to or instead of Ra.
What surface quality can be achieved with surface grinding?
Surface grinding generally produces significantly finer surfaces than milling, with typical roughness values below Ra 0.8. At the same time, it improves the flatness and parallelism of the surfaces. Which values can be achieved for your component depends on the material, hardness, surface area and machining allowance. Enter the required surface finish and flatness on the drawing, and we will state how we will achieve them in our quote.
What are geometric tolerances?
Geometric tolerances limit how much a feature may deviate from its ideal form or position, independently of its size. Form tolerances cover, for example, flatness, roundness and cylindricity, while location and orientation tolerances cover, for example, parallelism, perpendicularity, position and circular runout. They are specified according to ISO 1101 with feature control frames and datums, and are often referred to as GD&T in English-speaking countries. Clearly defined datums are essential for manufacturing.
Quality and inspection documents
Which inspection documents do I receive from MWA?
On request, you receive material certificates according to EN 10204 (2.2 or 3.1), a measurement report and a first article inspection report (FAI). Please state your requirements when you send your inquiry, because documentation involves effort and is included in the calculation. If you use a specific form or format, send it along, and we will agree on the implementation in advance.
What is a 3.1 material certificate?
An inspection certificate 3.1 according to EN 10204 confirms that the delivered material meets the requirements of the order and contains the test results for exactly this batch. It is validated by the manufacturer's authorized inspection representative, who is independent of the manufacturing department. Typical contents are the chemical composition, mechanical properties and heat number. MWA supplies 3.1 certificates on request if you specify this in your inquiry.
What is the difference between a test report 2.2 (Werkszeugnis) and an inspection certificate 3.1?
A test report 2.2 (Werkszeugnis) contains test results from non-specific inspection, while an inspection certificate 3.1 contains results from specific inspection of the delivered batch. With 2.2, the manufacturer therefore confirms typical values from its production; with 3.1, it confirms the values actually measured on this material, released by an independent authorized inspection representative. For safety-relevant or traceable parts, 3.1 is generally required. MWA supplies both certificate types on request.
What is a first article inspection report (FAI)?
A first article inspection report (FAI) documents that the first parts from series production meet all requirements of the drawing. For this purpose, all dimensions and characteristics are measured and compared with the target values and tolerances, supplemented by material certificates and other agreed inspections. The report is the basis for your release of series production. MWA prepares first article inspection reports on request; we agree on the format with you.
What is included in a measurement report?
A measurement report lists the inspected characteristics of a component with the nominal dimension, tolerance and measured actual value. It is common practice to number the characteristics on the drawing so that each dimension can be clearly assigned. We agree with you which characteristics are measured, for example all dimensions or only functional dimensions and fits. MWA prepares measurement reports on request; please state this in your inquiry.
Is MWA certified to ISO 9001?
Yes, MWA's management system is certified to ISO 9001, as well as to EN 9100 and EN 9120 for aerospace and to ISO 14001 for environmental management. We will send you the current certificates on request. For every order, you can receive material certificates according to EN 10204 (2.2 or 3.1), measurement reports and first article inspection reports on request. If your company requires a supplier self-assessment, send us the documents and we will complete them for you.
How do you ensure material traceability?
Material traceability is ensured via the material certificate according to EN 10204, which is assigned to the batch or heat of the semi-finished product used. If you require traceability, request a 3.1 certificate and, if applicable, state your requirements for marking the parts, for example with a batch or serial number. We take this into account in our quote and in manufacturing.
What happens if a part does not conform to the drawing?
In this case, contact us directly, ideally with the part number, delivery note and a short description or photo of the deviation. We review the case based on the drawing and the measured values and agree with you on how to proceed, for example rework or remanufacturing. Fast, direct contact is more important to us than lengthy correspondence.
Single parts, prototypes, series
Do you manufacture single parts from a quantity of 1?
Yes, MWA manufactures from batch size 1 up to series production. Typical single parts are spare parts, prototypes, fixtures, conversion parts and large components that are only needed once. There is no minimum quantity. Please note that for single parts, programming and setup are borne by one piece, so the unit price is higher than in series production.
Do you manufacture prototypes and sample parts?
Yes, we manufacture prototypes and sample parts to drawing or 3D model. With prototypes, designs often still change, so a clear revision level on every drawing is important. If a series is planned later, tell us right away; we will then already take a production-ready manufacturing strategy into account for the prototype and can give advice on reducing costs.
Do you also manufacture series and repeat parts?
Yes, in addition to single parts, MWA manufactures small series, series and recurring parts, with a framework agreement on request. For repeat parts, the program and clamping concept are retained, so follow-up orders run faster and with consistent quality. State the annual quantity and the desired call-off quantities in your inquiry, and we will calculate accordingly.
What is a framework agreement with call-off orders?
A framework agreement fixes the price, total quantity and term for a component, and you then call off the specific delivery quantities as needed. For you, this provides planning certainty on price and availability without having to take and store the entire quantity at once. For us, it enables more economical batch planning. MWA offers framework agreements for recurring requirements; we agree the terms individually.
What is a small series in machining?
In machining, a small series refers to production in low quantities that goes beyond single parts but is not yet large-scale series production. There is no fixed threshold; the classification depends on component size and industry. What matters economically is that setup and programming effort is spread over several parts. MWA manufactures small series as well as single parts and series.
Is there a minimum order quantity?
No, MWA has no minimum quantity; we manufacture from batch size 1 up to series production. Whether a single part or a small quantity is economical for you can be seen in the quotation. It is often worthwhile to request several quantities, for example 1, 5 and 20 pieces, to compare the influence of setup costs on the unit price.
Can you manufacture a part again later to the same drawing?
Yes, we manufacture repeat parts again to the same drawing. When reordering, state the part number and revision level so that it is clear which version applies. If the drawing has changed since the last order, please send the current version along. For regular requirements, a framework agreement with call-off orders is worthwhile.
How do you achieve a smooth transition from prototype to series production?
The transition from prototype to series production works best when the drawing, tolerances and material are frozen before series start. The prototypes are often followed by a first article delivery with a first article inspection report (FAI), which you approve before the series starts. Experience from prototype manufacturing, for example regarding critical tolerances, is fed into series planning. Talk to us early, and we will plan this together.
Prices and costing
How much does CNC milling cost per hour?
The hourly rate for CNC milling depends mainly on machine size, number of axes and equipment; a 5-axis machine costs more than a 3-axis machining center. For you as a buyer, however, the hourly rate is only part of the price. What matters is the unit price, which also includes material, setup, programming and inspection. MWA therefore calculates per component and states the price in the quotation.
How is the price of a CNC turned or milled part made up?
The price of a CNC part is made up of material costs, setup and programming effort, machining time and additional services. Additional services include, for example, heat treatment, coating, inspection documents, packaging and transport. The machining time depends on geometry, material, tolerances and surfaces. Setup and programming costs are incurred once per batch and are spread over the quantity.
Why is a single part more expensive per piece than a series part?
A single part bears all of the one-off costs for programming, setup and first-part inspection on its own. With ten or a hundred parts, these costs are spread over the entire quantity, and the unit price falls accordingly. In addition, with larger quantities, material can be procured more cheaply and machining can be better optimized. Feel free to request several quantities to see the effect.
What are setup costs in CNC manufacturing?
Setup costs are the costs for all preparations on the machine before the first part can be produced. These include setting up clamping devices and tools, proving out the program and inspecting the first part. Setup costs are incurred once per batch, regardless of the quantity. For repeat parts, the effort is lower because the program and clamping concept already exist.
How can I reduce the costs of milled and turned parts?
Costs fall the most when tight tolerances and fine surface finishes are specified only where the function requires them. Other levers are sufficiently large internal radii in pockets, as few setups as possible, standard threads instead of special threads, a material with good machinability and raw dimensions matched to standard semi-finished products. Combining requirements into larger batches also lowers the unit price. We point out such issues to you during the feasibility review.
Is the material included in the quotation?
Yes, if we procure the material, it is included in the quotation. If you supply the material, we only calculate the machining. We state in the quotation exactly what is included in the price, such as material, heat treatment, coating, inspection documents, packaging and transport. This allows you to compare quotations from different suppliers on the same basis.
Do material certificates and measurement reports cost extra?
Inspection documents involve additional effort and are therefore taken into account in the costing. For 3.1 material certificates, the material must be procured with a certificate; for measurement reports and first article inspection reports (FAI), measuring and documentation time is added. Therefore, state your requirements already in the inquiry. The documents will then be included in the quotation and there will be no additional charges later.
Can you give prices for different quantities?
Yes, state several quantities in your inquiry and we will calculate tiered prices. This shows you directly how setup and programming costs affect the unit price and from which quantity a larger order or a framework agreement pays off. Useful examples are sample parts, a first small series and the expected annual quantity.
Large components and castings
What component sizes can MWA turn?
MWA turns everything from small parts to large parts; we machine large diameters by vertical turning. Our focus is on medium to large components of approximately 1,000 to 3,000 mm; smaller turned parts are manufactured on CNC lathes. Whatever does not fit into our own production we realize through our international manufacturing network, with MWA as your contact. Tell us the dimensions and weight, and we will check the feasibility for your part.
What is vertical turning?
Vertical turning is turning on a machine with a vertical spindle, in which the workpiece is clamped lying flat on a rotating faceplate table. This allows large, heavy parts that are flat relative to their height to be clamped and machined securely. Typical components are flanges, rings, hubs, discs, impellers and housing covers. MWA uses vertical turning for large diameters, with a focus on components of approximately 1,000 to 3,000 mm.
What is horizontal boring mill machining?
In horizontal boring mill machining, large, heavy components are drilled, milled and bored from several sides on a horizontal boring mill. The workpiece stands on a table, and the horizontal spindle moves the tool to the machining positions. Typical examples are gearbox housings, machine frames, bearing blocks and welded structures with bearing seats and mounting surfaces that must be precisely aligned with each other.
What large components does MWA manufacture?
MWA manufactures large turned and milled parts such as flanges, rings, hubs, discs, gearbox housings, machine frames as well as machined castings and welded structures. Medium to large components of approximately 1,000 to 3,000 mm are our focus; larger parts are realized through our international manufacturing network, with MWA as your contact. We manufacture from batch size 1 up to series production. Send us the drawing, material and blank weight for a feasibility review.
How heavy can a component be for machining at MWA?
The permissible component weight depends on the machine used and on the shape of the component. For large parts, clamping options, center of gravity and transport also play a role. Tell us the dimensions and blank weight in your inquiry, and we will check on which machine your part can be machined. If it does not fit into our own production, we will check machining through our international manufacturing network.
How are large and heavy parts transported?
We load large and heavy parts onto trucks by crane and deliver by freight forwarder or with our own vehicle. You can also collect the parts in Halberstadt. Please let us know whether unloading equipment such as a crane or forklift is available at the delivery location and whether there are special requirements for packaging, load carriers or corrosion protection.
Do you machine large customer-supplied blanks such as castings or welded structures?
Yes, we also machine large castings, forgings and welded structures to final dimensions as customer-supplied blanks. Important are sufficient machining allowances on the blank, clearly defined datum surfaces on the drawing and a statement of the blank weight. For the delivery of heavy blanks, we coordinate the date, loading and unloading with you. On request, we also procure the blanks ourselves, castings for example through our partner network.
What is important when machining grey cast iron, ductile cast iron and cast steel?
With cast materials, the key factors are tools suited to the material, appropriate cutting data and dealing with the casting skin. Grey cast iron (EN-GJL) forms short, crumbly chips and is often machined dry; the graphite dust requires good extraction. Ductile (nodular) cast iron (EN-GJS) is tougher, forms longer chips and puts more stress on the cutting edges. Cast steel behaves similarly to steel but often has a hard, sand-containing surface zone. We adapt the machining to the respective material.
What is the casting skin and why is it important in machining?
The casting skin is the outer surface layer of a casting that forms during solidification in the mold and often contains molding sand, scale or hard inclusions. It is harder and less uniform than the base material and places heavy loads on the cutting edges during the first cut. The depth of cut during roughing is therefore chosen so that the tool cuts below the casting skin. Non-functional surfaces can remain unmachined if the drawing permits this.
How much machining allowance does a casting need?
The required machining allowance depends on the casting process, material, component size and position of the surface, and is often specified according to ISO 8062-3. The standard assigns tolerance grades and grades of required machining allowance to castings. The allowance must compensate for the casting skin, mold shift and distortion so that no unmachined areas remain after machining. For large castings, it is best to agree allowances and alignment points with you and the foundry before ordering the blanks.
What needs to be considered when machining welded structures?
With welded structures, residual stresses, distortion and sufficient machining allowances are the decisive factors. Welding creates stresses that are released during machining and can distort the component, so stress-relief annealing beforehand is recommended. The drawing should define datum surfaces and alignment points, and enough material must be provided over the weld seams at later functional surfaces. Typical components are machine frames, racks, beams and brackets.
Order brokerage and manufacturing network
What does order brokerage mean at MWA?
Order brokerage means that MWA realizes orders that do not fit into its own production through an international network of manufacturing partners. You send your inquiry to us as usual; we review the drawing, select a suitable partner and coordinate manufacturing, inspection and delivery. MWA remains your contact for the quotation, schedule and documentation. This way, you also receive components outside our own machine park from a single source.
When is an order brokered through the network?
We broker through the network when a component does not fit into our own production, for example due to size, weight, special processes or capacity. This applies, for example, to very large cast and welded parts, forgings or processes that we do not offer in Halberstadt. We check on the basis of your inquiry whether a part is manufactured in-house or by a partner and tell you in the quotation. If you do not want the order placed with partners, please let us know.
Do I still have a single contact for brokered orders?
Yes, MWA remains your contact for brokered orders as well. You receive the quotation, schedule coordination, answers to queries and inspection documents from us; you do not have to coordinate with additional suppliers. We pass your requirements on to the partner, track the progress of manufacturing and clarify technical questions. This also applies if an order is manufactured partly by us and partly by a partner.
Can you realize very large castings through the network?
Yes, we realize very large castings that go beyond our focus of approximately 1,000 to 3,000 mm through our international manufacturing network. This can include procurement of the raw casting, the mechanical machining or both. For an inquiry, we need the drawing or model, material, blank weight, quantity and the required inspections. We agree machining allowances, inspection scope and transport with you before the quotation.
Do you also broker forgings?
Yes, we procure forgings such as open-die forgings, closed-die forgings and forged rings through our manufacturing network. The subsequent machining to final dimensions is carried out by us or by a partner, so you receive the ready-to-install part through one contact. In your inquiry, state the material, dimensions, quantity, heat treatment condition and the required material certificates. We clarify which inspections are needed on the forging before the quotation.
How is confidentiality maintained for brokered orders?
For brokered orders, partners only receive the documents they need for their work step. If you have concluded a non-disclosure agreement (NDA) with us, we take its requirements into account when passing on documents. If your customer requires approval of subcontractors or restricts subcontracting to certain countries, please tell us with your inquiry. We will then name the intended partners before placing the order.
Which inspection documents do I receive for brokered orders?
For brokered orders, too, you receive material certificates according to EN 10204, a measurement report and a first article inspection report (FAI) on request. We define the required scope with you before the quotation and pass it on to the partner. We compile the documents for delivery, so you receive all the records together from MWA. Please state any special formats or marking requirements already with your inquiry.
How can I become a partner in MWA's manufacturing network?
As a manufacturing company, you can contact us by email with a short introduction of your company. Helpful information includes processes, machines with working ranges, materials machined, typical batch sizes, quality management and inspection capabilities. We will get in touch when a collaboration fits current or planned inquiries. We are particularly interested in capacities for very large components, casting machining and special processes.
Delivery and logistics
Do you deliver throughout Germany?
Yes, MWA delivers throughout Germany by parcel service, freight forwarder or with its own vehicle. We load large and heavy parts onto trucks by crane. Alternatively, you can collect the parts in Halberstadt. The appropriate shipping method depends on size, weight and deadline; we state it in the quotation.
What is the lead time for CNC parts?
The lead time depends on the component, quantity, material availability, subcontracted operations such as hardening or coating, and our current workload. We therefore do not give a flat figure but a specific delivery date in the quotation. State your desired date in your inquiry, and we will tell you directly whether it is feasible.
Can you handle rush orders?
Whether a rush order is possible depends on the component, material availability and our current workload. In urgent cases, it is best to call us directly or write to ed.retnus-awm@ofni, and we will check at short notice what is feasible. Complete documents and information on whether material is available or can be supplied by you are helpful.
Can I collect the parts in Halberstadt?
Yes, you can collect finished parts from MWA in Halberstadt. Please arrange the collection date with us in advance so that the parts are ready for shipment. We load large and heavy parts onto your vehicle by crane. For this, let us know which vehicle you are coming with and how the load is to be secured.
How are the parts packaged?
Packaging depends on the size, weight, surface and shipping method of the component. Sensitive functional surfaces and fits are protected against damage, and bright steel parts against corrosion. If you have special requirements, such as individual packaging, specific load carriers, crates or labeling, please state them in your inquiry so that we can take them into account in the quotation.
Do you deliver with your own vehicle?
Yes, MWA also delivers parts with its own vehicle. This is particularly useful for large, heavy or sensitive components and for customers within reach of Halberstadt. Whether delivery is made with our own vehicle, by freight forwarder or by parcel service is agreed with you depending on the component and deadline.
Is the delivery date confirmed as binding?
Yes, you receive a delivery date with the order confirmation. It is based on the conditions stated in the quotation and on complete, approved documents. If the drawing, quantity or requirements change after the order, we will agree a new date with you. For customer-supplied material, the date also depends on when the material arrives at our premises.
Can the delivery go to a different address, for example directly to my customer?
Talk to us if the parts are to be sent to an address other than your billing address, for example directly to a construction site, an assembly company or your customer. Ideally, state the delivery address already in your inquiry, as it affects the shipping method and transport costs. Also important are the contact person, delivery times and unloading options on site.
Confidentiality and NDA
Will my drawings be treated confidentially?
Yes, MWA treats your drawings and 3D models confidentially and uses them only for your inquiry and your order. Design data is your intellectual property and is not passed on to third parties who are not involved in manufacturing. If you need additional security, we will sign a non-disclosure agreement (NDA) before the inquiry on request.
Will you sign a non-disclosure agreement (NDA) before the inquiry?
Yes, on request we sign a non-disclosure agreement (NDA) in advance, before you send us drawings. To do so, send us your agreement by email; we will review it and return it signed. You can then submit the documents via the upload form or by email.
What is an NDA and when do I need one?
An NDA (non-disclosure agreement) obliges the recipient not to disclose confidential information and to use it only for a defined purpose. It is advisable for new products before market launch, for designs relevant to patents or when your own customer requires confidentiality. Many companies have a standard template for this. MWA signs an NDA in advance on request.
What does the protection notice according to ISO 16016 on a drawing mean?
The protection notice according to ISO 16016 indicates that disclosure, reproduction and use of the document without the consent of the originator are not permitted. It usually appears in the title block of technical drawings and makes the originator's property rights clear. A protection notice does not replace a non-disclosure agreement (NDA), but it makes confidentiality visible to every recipient. MWA observes protection notices on customer drawings.
What is the best way to send confidential drawings?
The easiest way is to upload confidential drawings via the upload form on our website, which accepts up to 5 files of 10 MB each. If your company uses its own data exchange portal, feel free to send us a link. If a non-disclosure agreement (NDA) is to be signed beforehand, we will clarify this before you send any data.
Do partners for hardening or coating receive my drawing?
Partners for heat treatment, coating or surface treatment only receive the information they need for their work step, for example material, hardness specification or coating thickness. If you have special requirements regarding the disclosure of documents or an NDA has been concluded, let us know and we will take this into account when placing the subcontracted work.
What happens to my documents if no order is placed?
Even without an order, your documents are used exclusively for processing your inquiry and are not passed on. How long data is stored and what rights you have are set out in our privacy policy. If you would like your drawings to be deleted after the inquiry has been completed, please let us know.
About MWA and location
Who is MWA – Mechanische Werkstätten Anhalt GmbH?
MWA – Mechanische Werkstätten Anhalt GmbH is a CNC contract manufacturer of components to drawing, based in Halberstadt, Saxony-Anhalt. Since 1985, we have been manufacturing everything from small parts to large parts and from single parts to series, with a focus on medium to large components of approximately 1,000 to 3,000 mm. Our main processes are milling, turning, drilling, grinding, 5-axis machining as well as large-part and casting machining. In addition, we offer commodity trading and order brokerage through our international manufacturing network.
How long has MWA been in business?
MWA has been manufacturing in Halberstadt since 1985. Since then, we have worked as a manufacturing company for mechanical machining to customer drawings, today with milling, turning, drilling, grinding, 5-axis machining as well as large-part and casting machining. Production still takes place at the Halberstadt site, from single parts to series with a framework agreement.
Where is MWA located?
MWA is based in Halberstadt in the Harz district, Saxony-Anhalt. You can find the exact address on the Contact page and in the legal notice. From Halberstadt, we deliver throughout Germany by parcel service, freight forwarder or with our own vehicle; by arrangement, you can also collect finished parts from us.
What is the fastest way to reach MWA?
The fastest way to reach MWA is by phone at +49 3941 6209 407. For inquiries with drawings, the inquiry form on the Contact page is the best choice; you can also reach us by email at ed.retnus-awm@ofni. We respond to every inquiry within 24 hours on working days.
Do you only work for customers from Saxony-Anhalt?
No, MWA manufactures for customers throughout Germany and delivers throughout Germany. Inquiries are handled via the inquiry form, email or phone regardless of location, and you receive a response within 24 hours on working days. For customers in the region, delivery with our own vehicle or collection in Halberstadt is also an option.
Which industries does MWA manufacture for?
As a contract manufacturer, MWA manufactures to drawing across all industries for companies that need turned, milled and ground parts. What matters to us is the drawing, material and requirements, not the industry. You can find typical areas of application on the Contract manufacturing page. If you have special industry requirements, for example regarding documentation or marking, please state them in your inquiry.
Why have parts made by a contract manufacturer instead of in-house?
A contract manufacturer is worthwhile when your own machines are fully utilized, a process is not available in-house or parts are too large for your own production. You avoid investing in machines that would only be needed occasionally and can absorb capacity peaks. This make-or-buy decision depends on quantity, know-how and costs. For this, MWA offers manufacturing from single parts to series and from small parts to large parts, with a focus on medium to large components.
Your question is not listed?
Call us or send us your inquiry with drawing (PDF, STEP, IGES, DXF or DWG) via the form on our contact page. We usually reply within 24 hours on working days – free of charge and without obligation.